Financial constraints, migration and inequality

Although the self-selection of emigrants is determined by di¤erences in the returns to education, according to the celebrated Roy model, empirical evidence suggests that migrants tend to be favorably selected. This paper argues that financial con- straints might be useful to explain this controversy. These constraints might impose positive correlations between (i) wealth and education, and (ii) wealth and migra- tion, implying a positive bias in the empirical results. We also show that high levels of migration premium and return to education in the source country explain the migration of middle-class individuals, a situation in which migration increases in- equality in the home country.migration, financial constraints, self-selection, human capital

Child Gender And Parental Investments In India: Are Boys And Girls Treated Differently?

Although previous research has not always found that boys and girls are treated differently in rural India, son-biased stopping rules imply that estimates of the effect of gender on parental investments are likely to be biased because girls systematically end up in larger families. We propose a novel identification strategy for overcoming this bias. We document that boys receive significantly more childcare time than girls. In addition boys are more likely to be breastfed longer, and to be given vaccinations and vitamin supplementation. We then present suggestive evidence that the differential treatment of boys is neither due to their greater needs nor to the effect of anticipated family size.

HOUSING PRICES IN BRAZIL AND THEIR IMPACTS ON INTEREST RATE AND INCOME IN THE INFLATION TARGETING REGIME BETWEEN 2007 AND 2017

This paper aims to assess housing prices' impact on economic growth and the basic interest rate under the inflation targeting regime between 2007 and 2017. To measure these effects, we used the method of Vector Error Correction (VEC) and the monetary transmission model by Bogdanski et al. (2000). Thus, the behavior of the model's endogenous variables (housing IPCA, Brazilian policy interest rate (Selic), Output Gap, and Exchange rate) was observed through the impulse response function and variance decomposition. With the estimated model, it was possible to identify that the Broad Consumer Price Index (IPCA) significantly influences the Selic variations. However, the housing IPCA does not respond to Selic shocks, which leads to the idea that there is an inertial component in Brazilian inflation, and this corroborates for the maintenance of high interest rates in the country in the analyzed period

Utilisation d'un modèle réduit expérimental comme référence pour la validation des modèles d'inondations en zone urbaine

Recent advances in flood modelling of urban areas have lead to the development of more sophisticated urban flood models. These models simulate flooding events by coupling the surface flow and the sewer system with an internal boundary condition (IBC). However, good quality data of flood events are hazardous to obtain. In this work we aim to present quality data (i.e. discharges and water levels at several locations) collected from an experimental scaled-model for enabling a benchmark test for urban flood models. In addition the IBC discharge coefficients provided herein are determined experimentally enabling a consistent validation of drainage models. The scaled model comprises of a rectangular surface-channel with a downstream weir discharge, and with six inlets with identical diameter. The experimental results indicate: (1) consistency between the discharges measured by the ADV/WRP and the volumetric method (2) consistency of the water levels obtained in each WRPs; (2) Good correlation between the inlet discharge coefficients, and the weir discharge coefficient (3) The centre inlets show a higher discharge than the side inlets and the downstream inlets show a higher discharge than the upstream ones.L’évolution actuelle de la modélisation des inondations urbaines a conduit au développement d´améliorations importantes des modèles d'inondations en milieu urbain. Ces modèles de programmation mathématique simulent des inondations en tenant compte de l'interaction entre l'écoulement de surface et l'écoulement dans le réseau d'assainissement. Toutefois, il est difficile d'obtenir des données de qualité sur ces inondations. Ce travail vise à présenter des données de qualité mesurées à l'échelle expérimentale (déversements et niveaux d’eau en divers points d'un canal), pour être utilisé comme test de référence et donc comme benchmark pour la validation des modèles d’inondations urbaines. De plus, les coefficients de déversement présentés sont calculés expérimentalement, permettant ainsi la validation des modèles d'assainissement. Le modèle à l'échelle est un canal rectangulaire avec renvoi du déversoir en aval et six arrivées de diamètre identique. Les résultats de l'expérience indiquent: (1) la cohérence entre les déversements mesurés par les sondes ADV/WRP et les résultats de la méthode volumétrique; (2) la cohérence des niveaux d'eau obtenus pour chaque sonde WRP; (3) une bonne corrélation entre le coefficient de déversement d’arrivée et le coefficient de déversement du déversoir en aval; (4) les arrivées au centre présentent des coefficients de déversement plus grands, de même que les arrivées en aval

Questões da saúde digital para o SUS: a “saúde móvel” e a automação algorítmica do saber-poder da medicina

A pandemia de covid-19 acelerou a chamada transformação digital da saúde. Uma de suas faces pode ser vista no uso progressivo de aplicativos móveis dedicados à prevenção de doenças e à promoção à saúde (mSaúde). Todavia, ainda há muitas lacunas de conhecimento e problematizações sobre saúde digital para subsidiar seu uso e implementação no âmbito da saúde coletiva. Este ensaio pretende se somar às caracterizações e análises das consequências assistenciais, sociais, políticas, legais e éticas da saúde digital. A hipótese a ser defendida é que a transformação digital da saúde acarreta a automação algorítmica do saber-poder da medicina. Para desenvolver este ensaio, foram realizadas extensa revisão bibliográfica, investigação e descrição de aplicativos de mSaúde, a partir de estudos críticos sobre saúde digital propostos por Deborah Lupton.The current pandemic has accelerated digital health transformation. One of its faces refers to the progressive use of mobile applications dedicated to care, disease prevention, and health promotion – e.g., mHealth. However, many gaps in the knowledge and questions about digital health to support its use and implementation persist in the scope of Public Health. With that in mind, this study aims to contribute to their assistance, social, political, legal, and ethical characterizations and analyses. The hypothesis we intend to test is that the digital transformation of health care leads, for better or for worse, to the algorithmic automation of the knowledge-power of medicine. To conduct this study, we carried out an extensive literature review and investigated and described mHealth apps based on the critical studies of digital health proposed by Deborah Lupton

Turbulence and Air Entrainment

Sewer Structure

Biosynthesis of a G-Quadruplex—forming sequence and its stabilization by ligands

In addition to the Watson and Crick B-form duplex DNA, G-quadruplexes are four-stranded DNA structures formed in vivo by the self-assembly of guanine-rich sequences. These can be formed by one, two or four separate strands of DNA and present a diversity of topologies, defined by the strand orientation, loop size and sequence. G-quadruplexes can be found in telomeres, immunoglobulin switch regions and gene promoter regions. The biological relevant location on the genome makes these high-order structures an attractive target for drug design and the development of highly specific ligands that bind and stabilize G-quadruplex with therapeutic activity. Herein, the biosynthesis of a novel G-rich quadruplex-forming DNA sequence 58Sγ3 is described by plasmid amplification. The recovery and purification of 58Sγ3 oligonucleotide using size-exclusion chromatography is presented. The G-quadruplex formation is promoted and its topology is determined by circular dichroism. The stabilization of the G-quadruplex structure with quinoline and naphthalene-based derivatives is studied using melting analysis, G4-FID and PCR-stop assays. The results suggest that 58Sγ3 folds into a parallel-stranded G-quadruplex structure in 500 mM KCl buffer and that naphthalene-based ligands bind and stabilize the G-quadruplex structure. The ligands are also found to be quadruplex-specific over duplex DNA and inhibit Taq DNA polymerase. This work provides evidence for G-quadruplex formation within the immunoglobulin switch regions. Furthermore, it is suggested that the novel ligands here reported act as potent specific G-quadruplex binders and may also potentially be used to inhibit genes transcription in tumor cells.Além da forma B Watson e Crick do ADN duplex, os G-quadruplexes são estruturas de ADN de quatro cadeias, formadas in vivo pela auto-associação de sequências ricas em guaninas. Estas podem ser formadas por uma, duas ou quatro cadeias distintas de ADN e apresentar uma diversidade de topologias, definidas pela orientação da cadeia, tamanho dos loops e a sequência. G-quadruplexes podem ser encontrados nos telómeros, regiões de troca das imunoglobulinas e nas regiões dos promotores génicos. A localização biologicamente relevante no genoma faz com que estas estruturas altamente ordenadas sejam um alvo atrativo do desenho de fármacos e o desenvolvimento de ligandos altamente específicos que ligam e estabilizam o G-quadruplex com ação terapêutica. Neste trabalho, descreve-se a biossíntese da nova sequência de ADN rica em guaninas e formadora de G-quadruplex 58Sγ3, utilizando amplificação por plasmídeo. A recuperação e purificação do oligonucleótido 58Sγ3 é efetuada por cromatografia de exclusão molecular. A formação de G-quadruplex é promovida e a sua topologia é determinada por dicroísmo circular. A estabilização da estrutura do G-quadruplex com ligandos derivados de quinolina e naftaleno é estudada utilizando ensaios de estabilização térmica no dicroísmo circular, G4-FID e PCR-stop. Os resultados sugerem que 58Sγ3 adota uma estrutura G-quadruplex paralela em tampão 500 mM KCl e que os ligandos de naftaleno ligam e estabilizam a estrutura do G-quadruplex. Os ligandos demonstraram também ser específicos do G-quadruplex em relação ao ADN duplex além de inibir a Taq ADN polimerase. Este trabalho fornece evidência da formação de G-quadruplex nas regiões de troca das imunoglobulinas. Além disso, sugere que os derivados de naftaleno atuam como ligandos do G-quadruplex e que podem ser potencialmente utilizados para inibir a transcrição de genes em células tumorais

Explicit calculation of natural aeration using a Volume-of-Fluid model

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from the publisher via the DOI in this record.Accurate prediction of the air-entrainment process in air-water two-phase turbulent flows is one of the most computationally challenging subjects under current investigation in hydraulic engineering. An ideal numerical model for air-entrainment needs to be accurate and fast in the definition of a macroscopic interface and simultaneously precise enough to take into account the formation of bubbles through the free-surface, their transport and their natural interactions: bubble-bubble and bubble-fluid. The problem is made more complex by the strong coupling between mesh and solution exhibited by interface capturing schemes which are commonly used for such problems. This paper examines numerical and modelling aspects of the entrainment process for two canonical cases; the 2D dam break and 3D circular plunging jet cases. We start by investigating the capacities of a Volume-of-Fluid based model to detect the free-surface and predict the velocities inside the water phase, examining the effect of coarsening and refining the mesh on the prediction of the interface location. A reformulated explicit term is used to detect bubble formation and air-entrainment at the free-surface, without the need of a calibration process and adapted to run together with Volume-of-Fluid models. The results obtained with this new approach are further compared with similar cases in the literature in terms of bubble formation and free-surface wave's amplitude. The correct definition of the free-surface was found to be strongly dependent on the mesh refinement in a way that has very significant implications for the development of air-entrainment modelling.This study was funded by FCT (Portuguese Foundation for Science 29 and Technology) through the Projects UID/MAR/04292/2013 and Grant SFRH/BD/85783/2012, financed by MEC 30 (Portuguese Ministry of Education and Science) and FSE (European Social Fund), under the programs POPH/QREN 31 (Human Potential Operational Programme from National Strategic Reference Framework) and POCH (Human Capital 32 Operational Programme) from Portugal2020

As contribuições do Rondon regional frente à problemática da falta de saneamento básicos dos morados na Rua Beira Rio no município de Pau Brasil

Trabalho apresentado no II Congresso Nacional do PROJETO RONDON, realizado em Florianópolis, SC, no período de 23 a 25 de setembro de 2015 - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina.Implantado no ano de 2014, o Núcleo Rondon da Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, (UESC) desenvolve operações na região sul da Bahia. O Município de Pau Brasil localizado no litoral sul da Bahia a 553 km da capital, cercado de florestas tropicais com população estimada em 10.853 habitantes segundo censo de 2010, foi contemplado com a operação Jupati, que recebeu este nome em homenagem a espécie de marsupial, animal de hábitos noturnos encontrado nas florestas brasileiras. Ao realizar visitas de campo e após um diagnóstico situacional evidenciou-se que os moradores da Rua Beira Rio, conhecida no município como Rua da Jega localizada as margens do Rio da Prata sofriam com problemas relacionados à falta de saneamento básico, moradia precária e ausência de serviços básicos como coletas de resíduos sólidos e água encanada, estes faziam uso do rio para a eliminação de rejeitos bem como para atividades domésticas e de higiene pessoal. Fatores que afetam diretamente a estrutura sócio-organizacional, as relações com o meio ambiente e a saúde da coletividade. Tendo como objetivo: Promover estratégias e ações que estimulassem os moradores e autoridades a efetivarem a mudança no quadro enfrentado por aquela população. Os moradores da Rua Beira Rio foram convidados para uma roda de conversa na própria rua propiciando a troca de informações para uma melhor estruturação das atividades a serem realizadas de acordo as necessidades dos mesmos. Foram realizadas oficinas de coleta seletiva, cooperativismo e associativismo, educação em saúde, solicitou-se a prefeitura à volta da coleta de lixo, pois há algum tempo a mesma não era realizada naquela rua, tendo como ponto alto das ações um mutirão de limpeza e coleta de lixo na rua e nas margens do Rio Pratas que contou com a participação da comunidade. Os materiais e métodos escolhidos formam de fácil acesso e entendimento, buscando através destes estimular a participação e a busca de uma melhor qualidade de vida por aquela população. Ainda é inconcebível que nos dias atuais possamos ver pessoas terem seus direitos básicos negados, nesta perspectiva o Rondon Regional, seguindo os moldes do Nacional, nos proporcionou evidenciar que pequenas contribuições podem fazer grande diferença na vida daqueles que alcançamos, incentivando novos hábitos, informações e interesses, de forma que estes sejam incorporados no dia a dia pela comunidade efetivando transformações nos cenários encontrados e consequentemente melhorando a qualidade de vida da mesma

A5_4 Splash Mountain

In the Gen V Pokédex entry for the Pokémon Magikarp it is stated that Magikarp can jump over mountains using the move ‘Splash’.  This is a Pokémon move that does 0 damage in the game.  By comparing the power of a horse’s kick and the move ‘Stomp’, we have determined that ‘Splash’ should have 424 Poképower in the game (much larger than any other move) but also a very low accuracy  due  to  the  jump  taking  36.94  s  in  total.   Perhaps  this  is  why  the  move  is  said  to  be useless